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The Beauty Industry's Uneven Progress on Diversity

A study analyzing 25 years of advertising and fashion reveals that while there's more representation, the median model remains unchanging.

Illustration: Blue Dot News

1 min read

In a world where beauty is a currency we trade every day, our self-worth often hangs in the balance. We are constantly bombarded with images of perfect bodies, and yet, we find ourselves struggling to accept our own. The media and fashion industries hold court over these ideals, shaping how we see ourselves and perpetuating body-image concerns.

A new study has shed light on this complex dance between self-perception and reality. Researchers analyzed a vast dataset of 793,199 records from advertising, magazine covers, runway shows, and editorials to understand the evolution of beauty standards. What they found was surprising: while there may be more diverse representations in the industry, the median model physique remains remarkably stable.

This paradox is driven by a curious phenomenon: plus-size models are increasingly included in high-end fashion, but this comes at a cost. The industry tends to favor these models disproportionately, rather than expanding representation to include more diverse bodies. This consolidation of diversity onto already underrepresented individuals has significant implications for how beauty standards are perceived and perpetuated.

The people behind the work

  • Boucherie L et al.

    Author

    Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Sources & Verification

Every statement in this story is drawn from the facts below. Each is linked to a primary or reputable source — follow any citation to check it for yourself.

  1. Beauty standards shape self-perception and health through social comparison and objectification, while exposure to idealized imagery exacerbates body-image concerns. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  2. Media and fashion are central arbiters of these ideals, yet long-term, quantitative, intersectional studies on how representation has changed remain scarce. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  3. We assembled a dataset of 793,199 records spanning 25 y of advertising, magazine covers, runway shows, and editorials to quantify changes in anthropometric and demographic representation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  4. We find a paradox in the evolution of beauty ideals: While representational diversity has increased, the median model physique remains stable. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  5. This is driven by selective plus-size inclusion at the upper tail, while the typical physique continues to diverge from the US population. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  6. Intersectionally, non-White models are [Formula: see text] times more likely to be plus-size, suggesting that the industry consolidates multiple markers of diversity onto already underrepresented individuals rather than broadening inclusion structurally. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  7. Stratifying the industry via a data-driven prestige hierarchy, we find that thinness is overrepresented at the top tier. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  8. Finally, descriptive comparisons of two regulatory interventions suggest that numeric thresholds may be more effective than flexible guidelines at reducing underweight appearances. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Part of the Blue Dot News 2026 retrospective — an archive reconstructed automatically from the published scientific record. The science is real and cited above; this is not original daily reporting, and it is deliberately kept out of the live news feed.

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